wiki:WikiMacros

Version 1 (modified by trac, 10 years ago) ( diff )

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Trac マクロ

  1. Trac マクロ
    1. マクロの利用
      1. 詳細なヘルプを見るには
      2. 利用例
    2. マクロ一覧
    3. 世界のマクロを共有
    4. カスタムマクロを開発する
      1. 引数なしのマクロ
      2. 引数付きのマクロ

Trac マクロとは、 Python で書かれた 'カスタム関数' によって Trac の Wiki エンジンを拡張するプラグインです。 WikiFormatting エンジンが利用可能なあらゆるコンテキストにおいて、マクロを使用することによって、動的な HTML データが挿入されます。

もう 1 種類のマクロは WikiProcessors です。これは通常、 Wiki 以外のマークアップ形式と表示を取り扱うために使用し、多くは、 (ソースコードハイライトのような) より大きいブロックに使用します。

マクロの利用

マクロ呼び出しは、二つの 角括弧 (square brackets) で括られた箇所です。 Python 関数のように、マクロは引数を取ることができ、括弧 (parenthesis) の中に、カンマで区切ったリストで表記します。

詳細なヘルプを見るには

マクロの一覧と完全なヘルプは、 下記のマクロ一覧 にある MacroList マクロを使用してみることができます。

簡単なマクロ一覧は [[MacroList(*)]] や [[?]] で見ることができます。

特定のマクロの詳細なヘルプを参照したい場合は、 MacroList マクロに引数渡すことによって参照することができます。 例) [[MacroList(MacroList)]] 。もしくは、便宜上、 [[MacroList?]] のようにマクロ名にクエスチョンマーク ('?') をつけることでヘルプをみることができます。

利用例

'Trac' で始まる Wiki ページの最近の変更履歴 3 件分を表示するマクロです:

Wiki マークアップ 表示 
[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]

Sep 2, 2019

[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they were last modified.

This macro accepts two ordered arguments and a named argument. The named argument can be placed in any position within the argument list.

The first parameter is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are included in the list.

The second parameter is the maximum number of pages to include in the list.

The group parameter determines how the list is presented:

group=date
The pages are presented in bulleted lists that are grouped by date (default).
group=none
The pages are presented in a single bulleted list.

Tip: if you only want to specify a maximum number of entries and don't want to filter by prefix, specify an empty first parameter, e.g. [[RecentChanges(,10,group=none)]]. 

[[?]]

[[Image]]

画像を Wiki 形式のテキストに組み込みます。 1 番目の引数は、ファイル名を指定します。ファイルの指定は添付ファイルなど …

[[InterTrac]]

既知の InterTrac プレフィックスをリスト形式で表示します。

[[InterWiki]]

既知の InterWiki プレフィックスに関する概要のリストを表示します。

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

WikiProcessors で処理できる既知の mime-type を表示します。 引数が与えられた場合は、 mime-type ...

etc.

マクロ一覧

Note: 以下に示すリストはマクロドキュメントを含むものだけです。 -OO による最適化や、 mod_python での PythonOptimize オプションが設定されていると表示されません。

[[Image]]

Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.

The first argument is the file specification. The file specification may reference attachments in three ways:

  • module:id:file, where module can be either wiki or ticket, to refer to the attachment named file of the specified wiki page or ticket.
  • id:file: same as above, but id is either a ticket shorthand or a Wiki page name.
  • file to refer to a local attachment named 'file'. This only works from within that wiki page or a ticket.

The file specification may also refer to:

  • repository files, using the source:file syntax (source:file@rev works also).
  • files, using direct URLs: /file for a project-relative, //file for a server-relative, or http://server/file for absolute location. An InterWiki prefix may be used.
  • embedded data using the ​rfc2397 data URL scheme, provided the URL is enclosed in quotes.

The remaining arguments are optional and allow configuring the attributes and style of the rendered <img> element:

  • digits and unit are interpreted as the size (ex. 120px, 25%) for the image
  • right, left, center, top, bottom and middle are interpreted as the alignment for the image (alternatively, the first three can be specified using align=... and the last three using valign=...)
  • link=some TracLinks... replaces the link to the image source by the one specified using a TracLinks. If no value is specified, the link is simply removed.
  • inline specifies that the content generated be an inline XHTML element. By default, inline content is not generated, therefore images won't be rendered in section headings and other one-line content.
  • nolink means without link to image source (deprecated, use link=)
  • key=value style are interpreted as HTML attributes or CSS style indications for the image. Valid keys are:
    • align, valign, border, width, height, alt, title, longdesc, class, margin, margin-(left,right,top,bottom), id and usemap
    • border, margin, and margin-* can only be a single number (units are pixels).
    • margin is superseded by center which uses auto margins

Examples: 

[[Image(photo.jpg)]]               # simplest
[[Image(photo.jpg, 120px)]]        # with image width size
[[Image(photo.jpg, right)]]        # aligned by keyword
[[Image(photo.jpg, nolink)]]       # without link to source
[[Image(photo.jpg, align=right)]]  # aligned by attribute

You can use an image from a wiki page, ticket or other module. 

[[Image(OtherPage:foo.bmp)]]    # from a wiki page
[[Image(base/sub:bar.bmp)]]     # from hierarchical wiki page
[[Image(#3:baz.bmp)]]           # from another ticket
[[Image(ticket:36:boo.jpg)]]    # from another ticket (long form)
[[Image(source:/img/bee.jpg)]]  # from the repository
[[Image(htdocs:foo/bar.png)]]   # from project htdocs dir
[[Image(shared:foo/bar.png)]]   # from shared htdocs dir (since 1.0.2)

Adapted from the Image.py macro created by Shun-ichi Goto <gotoh@…>

[[InterTrac]]

Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes.

[[InterWiki]]

Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes.

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors.

Can be given an optional argument which is interpreted as mime-type filter.

[[MacroList]]

Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if available.

Optionally, the name of a specific macro can be provided as an argument. In that case, only the documentation for that macro will be rendered.

Note that this macro will not be able to display the documentation of macros if the PythonOptimize option is enabled for mod_python!

[[PageOutline]]

Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the outline being a link to the corresponding heading.

This macro accepts four optional parameters:

  • The first is a number or range that allows configuring the minimum and maximum level of headings that should be included in the outline. For example, specifying "1" here will result in only the top-level headings being included in the outline. Specifying "2-3" will make the outline include all headings of level 2 and 3, as a nested list. The default is to include all heading levels.
  • The second parameter can be used to specify a custom title (the default is no title).
  • The third parameter selects the style of the outline. This can be either inline or pullout (the latter being the default). The inline style renders the outline as normal part of the content, while pullout causes the outline to be rendered in a box that is by default floated to the right side of the other content.
  • The fourth parameter specifies whether the outline is numbered or not. It can be either numbered or unnumbered (the former being the default). This parameter only has an effect in inline style.

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they were last modified.

This macro accepts two ordered arguments and a named argument. The named argument can be placed in any position within the argument list.

The first parameter is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are included in the list.

The second parameter is the maximum number of pages to include in the list.

The group parameter determines how the list is presented:

group=date
The pages are presented in bulleted lists that are grouped by date (default).
group=none
The pages are presented in a single bulleted list.

Tip: if you only want to specify a maximum number of entries and don't want to filter by prefix, specify an empty first parameter, e.g. [[RecentChanges(,10,group=none)]].

[[RepositoryIndex]]

Display the list of available repositories.

Can be given the following named arguments:

format
Select the rendering format:
  • compact produces a comma-separated list of repository prefix names (default)
  • list produces a description list of repository prefix names
  • table produces a table view, similar to the one visible in the Browse View page
glob
Do a glob-style filtering on the repository names (defaults to '*')
order
Order repositories by the given column (one of "name", "date" or "author")
desc
When set to 1, order by descending order

[[SubscriberList]]

Display a list of all installed notification subscribers, including documentation if available.

Optionally, the name of a specific subscriber can be provided as an argument. In that case, only the documentation for that subscriber will be rendered.

Note that this macro will not be able to display the documentation of subscribers if the PythonOptimize option is enabled for mod_python!

[[TOC]]

Generate a table of contents for the current page or a set of pages.

If no arguments are given, a table of contents is generated for the current page, with the top-level title stripped: 

[[TOC]]

To generate a table of contents for a set of pages, simply pass them as comma separated arguments to the TOC macro, e.g. as in 

[[TOC(TracGuide, TracInstall, TracUpgrade, TracIni, TracAdmin, TracBackup,
      TracLogging, TracPermissions, TracWiki, WikiFormatting, TracBrowser,
      TracRoadmap, TracChangeset, TracTickets, TracReports, TracQuery,
      TracTimeline, TracRss, TracNotification)]]

A wildcard * can be used to fetch a sorted list of all pages starting with the preceding pagename stub: 

[[TOC(Trac*, WikiFormatting, WikiMacros)]]

The following control arguments change the default behaviour of the TOC macro:

Argument Description
heading=<x> Override the default heading of "Table of Contents"
noheading Suppress display of the heading.
depth=<n> Display headings of subsequent pages to a maximum depth of <n>.
inline Display TOC inline rather than as a side-bar.
sectionindex Only display the page name and title of each page in the wiki section.
titleindex Only display the page name and title of each page, similar to TitleIndex.
notitle Supress display of page title.
reverse Display TOC sorted in reversed order. (Since 11.0.0.4)
from=page Obtain the list of pages to show from the content (one page name per line) of another wiki page.
nonumbering Suppress automatic numbering for inline TOC (Since 11.0.0.7)

For titleindex argument, an empty pagelist will evaluate to all pages: 

[[TOC(titleindex, notitle, heading=All pages)]]

The sectionindex argument allows a title index to be generated for all pages in a given section of the wiki. A section is defined by wiki page name, using / as a section level delimiter (like directories in a file system). Giving / or * as the page name produces the same result as titleindex (title of all pages). If a page name ends with a /, only children of this page will be processed. Otherwise, the page given in the argument is also included, if it exists. For sectionindex argument, an empty pagelist will evaluate to all page below the same parent as the current page: 

[[TOC(sectionindex, notitle, heading=This section pages)]]

The 'from' option allows you to read the lines of content from another wiki page and use that as the pagelist for the table of contents. The page names listed there are processed as if they are named in the TOC macro (start a line with a # to treat it as a comment). If the wiki page TOC/Guide contains 

TracGuide
TracInstall
TracReports/Active

then these two calls to TOC are equivalent: 

[[TOC(from=TOC/Guide)]]
[[TOC(TracGuide, TracInstall, TracReports/Active)]]

However, updating page TOC/Guide changes the TOC in all places that use from= to refer to it. This can be useful instead of custom macros like [[TracGuideToc]].

[[TicketQuery]]

Wiki macro listing tickets that match certain criteria.

This macro accepts a comma-separated list of keyed parameters, in the form "key=value".

If the key is the name of a field, the value must use the syntax of a filter specifier as defined in TracQuery#QueryLanguage. Note that this is not the same as the simplified URL syntax used for query: links starting with a ? character. Commas (,) can be included in field values by escaping them with a backslash (\).

Groups of field constraints to be OR-ed together can be separated by a literal or argument.

In addition to filters, several other named parameters can be used to control how the results are presented. All of them are optional.

The format parameter determines how the list of tickets is presented:

  • list -- the default presentation is to list the ticket ID next to the summary, with each ticket on a separate line.
  • compact -- the tickets are presented as a comma-separated list of ticket IDs.
  • count -- only the count of matching tickets is displayed
  • rawcount -- only the count of matching tickets is displayed, not even with a link to the corresponding query (since 1.1.1)
  • table -- a view similar to the custom query view (but without the controls)
  • progress -- a view similar to the milestone progress bars

The max parameter can be used to limit the number of tickets shown (defaults to 0, i.e. no maximum).

The order parameter sets the field used for ordering tickets (defaults to id).

The desc parameter indicates whether the order of the tickets should be reversed (defaults to false).

The group parameter sets the field used for grouping tickets (defaults to not being set).

The groupdesc parameter indicates whether the natural display order of the groups should be reversed (defaults to false).

The verbose parameter can be set to a true value in order to get the description for the listed tickets. For table format only. deprecated in favor of the rows parameter

The rows parameter can be used to specify which field(s) should be viewed as a row, e.g. rows=description|summary

The col parameter can be used to specify which fields should be viewed as columns. For table format only.

For compatibility with Trac 0.10, if there's a last positional parameter given to the macro, it will be used to specify the format. Also, using "&" as a field separator still works (except for order) but is deprecated.

[[TitleIndex]]

Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output.

Accepts a prefix string as parameter: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed. If the prefix is specified, a second argument of value hideprefix can be given as well, in order to remove that prefix from the output.

The prefix string supports the standard relative-path notation when using the macro in a wiki page. A prefix string starting with ./ will be relative to the current page, and parent pages can be specified using ../.

Several named parameters can be specified:

  • format=compact: The pages are displayed as comma-separated links.
  • format=group: The list of pages will be structured in groups according to common prefix. This format also supports a min=n argument, where n is the minimal number of pages for a group.
  • format=hierarchy: The list of pages will be structured according to the page name path hierarchy. This format also supports a min=n argument, where higher n flatten the display hierarchy
  • depth=n: limit the depth of the pages to list. If set to 0, only toplevel pages will be shown, if set to 1, only immediate children pages will be shown, etc. If not set, or set to -1, all pages in the hierarchy will be shown.
  • include=page1:page*2: include only pages that match an item in the colon-separated list of pages. If the list is empty, or if no include argument is given, include all pages.
  • exclude=page1:page*2: exclude pages that match an item in the colon- separated list of pages.

The include and exclude lists accept shell-style patterns.

[[TracAdminHelp]]

Display help for trac-admin commands.

Examples: 

[[TracAdminHelp]]               # all commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki)]]         # all wiki commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki export)]]  # the "wiki export" command
[[TracAdminHelp(upgrade)]]      # the upgrade command

[[TracGuideToc]]

Display a table of content for the Trac guide.

This macro shows a quick and dirty way to make a table-of-contents for the Help/Guide. The table of contents will contain the Trac* and WikiFormatting pages, and can't be customized. See the ​TocMacro for a more customizable table of contents.

[[TracIni]]

Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file.

Typically, this will be used in the TracIni page. The macro accepts two ordered arguments and two named arguments.

The ordered arguments are a configuration section filter, and a configuration option name filter: only the configuration options whose section and name start with the filters are output.

The named arguments can be specified:

section
a glob-style filtering on the section names
option
a glob-style filtering on the option names

[[Workflow]]

Render a workflow graph.

This macro accepts a TracWorkflow configuration and renders the states and transitions as a directed graph. If no parameters are given, the current ticket workflow is rendered.

In WikiProcessor mode the width and height arguments can be specified (Defaults: width = 800 and height = 600).

The repository-scoped path of a workflow file can be specified as either a macro or WikiProcessor file argument. The file revision can be specified by appending @<rev> to the path. The file argument value must be enclosed in single or double quotes. (Since 1.3.2).

Examples: 

[[Workflow()]]

[[Workflow(go = here -> there; return = there -> here)]]

[[Workflow(file=/contrib/workflow/enterprise-workflow.ini@1)]]

{{{#!Workflow file="/contrib/workflow/enterprise-workflow.ini"
}}}

{{{#!Workflow width=700 height=700
leave = * -> *
leave.operations = leave_status
leave.default = 1

create = <none> -> new
create.default = 1

create_and_assign = <none> -> assigned
create_and_assign.label = assign
create_and_assign.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
create_and_assign.operations = may_set_owner

accept = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> accepted
accept.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
accept.operations = set_owner_to_self

resolve = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> closed
resolve.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
resolve.operations = set_resolution

reassign = new,assigned,accepted,reopened -> assigned
reassign.permissions = TICKET_MODIFY
reassign.operations = set_owner

reopen = closed -> reopened
reopen.permissions = TICKET_CREATE
reopen.operations = del_resolution
}}}

世界のマクロを共有

​Trac Hacks というサイトは、コミュニティに寄稿されたマクロと プラグイン を収集し提供しています。新しいマクロを探している、共有したいマクロを作成した、などの場合は遠慮なく Trac Hacks のサイトを訪問してください。

カスタムマクロを開発する

マクロは、 Trac 本体と同様 ​Python で書かれています。そして TracPlugins の一種として開発します。

マクロの開発についての詳しい情報は ​リソースの開発 を参照してください。

Trac 0.11 でマクロを作成する簡単な例を 2 つ紹介します。

古いマクロと新しいマクロの違いを示す例は ​Timestamp.py を参照してください。また、古いマクロから新しいマクロに移行するための情報は ​macros/README を参照してください。

引数なしのマクロ

下記のソースコードをテストするためには、このソースコードを timestamp_sample.py として保存し、 TracEnvironment の plugins/ に配置しなければなりません。 

from datetime import datetime
# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally

from genshi.builder import tag

from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
        t = datetime.now(utc)
        return tag.b(format_datetime(t, '%c'))

引数付きのマクロ

下記のソースコードをテストするためには、このソースコードを helloworld_sample.py として保存し、 TracEnvironment の plugins/ に配置しなければなりません。 

from genshi.core import Markup

from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Simple HelloWorld macro.

    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
     - it must end with "Macro"
     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name

    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
    """

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.

        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
        `'HelloWorld'`),
        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
        """
        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))

Note: expand_macro は 第4パラメータに、 args を任意に取ることもできます。 このマクロが WikiProcessor として呼ばれたとき、 key=value 形式の プロセッサパラメータ を渡すことも可能です。もし、このパラメータを指定したとき、これらの値は、ディクショナリの中に保存され、 追加の args パラメータによって渡されます。一方で、マクロとして呼び出されたときは、 args パラメータは、 None として扱われます (0.12 以降) 。

例として、このように記述した場合: 

{{{#!HelloWorld style="polite" -silent verbose
<Hello World!>
}}}

{{{#!HelloWorld
<Hello World!>
}}}

[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]

結果はこのようになります: 

Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {'style': u'polite', 'silent': False, 'verbose': True}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = {}
Hello World, text = <Hello World!> , args = None

Note: expand_macro が返す値は、 HTML がエスケープされて いない ことに注意して下さい。期待する戻り値によっては、あなた自身でエスケープする必要があります (return Markup.escape(result) を使用できます)。また、戻り値として HTML が返ってくると分かっているならば、結果を (return Markup(result)) という風に Genshi が提供している Markup (from genshi.core import Markup) オブジェクトでラップすることもできます。

また、text を Wiki としてマークアップする場合、 Wiki Formatter (from trac.wiki import Formatter) オブジェクトも再帰的に使用することができます。以下がサンプルです: 

from genshi.core import Markup
from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
from trac.wiki import Formatter
import StringIO

class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
        def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
                text = "whatever '''wiki''' markup you want, even containing other macros"
                # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
                out = StringIO.StringIO()
                Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
                return Markup(out.getvalue())
Note: See TracWiki for help on using the wiki.